In answer to dneal about Jesus and being the Son of God Matthew 16.16 when Peter declares Jesus to be the Christ and son of the living God and Jesus replies: "Blessed are you Simon son of Jonah, fleah and blood has not revealed this to you but my father in Heaven."
John 8.23 too where Jesus claims to be above and not of this world. Ultimately though one cannot come to God, to Jesus through rationality. One has to either earnestly seek, be called, and have Jesus and the Spirit manifest themselves. I have had this, I am lucky and blessed. I don't want to preach but this is my stance.I look to the manifold promises in the Old Testament Torah and see them manifested in Jesus.
These beliefs have seen many Christians die in many cases is the cruelest ways human minds can think of rather than recant their faith. it is good enough for me. To really get to the bottom of the questions you ask though you would need to argue with a theologian which I am not
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